Friday, May 27, 2016

“Such As I Have”: Miracle, Message, & Mandate (Acts 3)

This week we continue our journey through the Book of Acts by examining Chapter 3.

1) A Miracle: A Lame Beggar Healed (v.1-10)

      Now Peter and John were going up         to the temple
                                              at the hour of prayer, the ninth hour. 
  And a man lame from birth was being carried, 
                    whom they laid daily at the gate of the temple
                     that is called the Beautiful Gate 
                            to ask alms of those entering the temple. 
  Seeing Peter and John about to go           into the temple,
                                  he asked to receive alms. 
       And Peter directed his gaze at him,
                    as did John, and said, “Look at us.” 
  And he fixed his attention on them,
                                 expecting to receive something from them. 
       But Peter said, “I     have no silver and gold,
                  but what I do have I give to you. 
                    In the name of Jesus Christ of Nazareth,
                                             rise up and walk!” 
  And he took him by the right hand and raised him up,
                          and immediately his feet and ankles were made strong.
  And leaping up he stood and began to walk,
                                                       and entered the temple with them,
                                                                walking and
                                                                  leaping and
                                                                    praising God. 
  And                   all the people saw him walking  
                                                             and praising God, 
             and recognized him as the one
                        who sat at the Beautiful Gate of the temple,
                                  asking               for alms.
And they were filled with wonder and amazement at what had happened to him.

This “time of prayer” was the last of the three daily times of prayer (9 am, Noon, 3 pm). The early church continued to participate in the customary times of prayer. One interesting observation is that two named apostles headed to the temple together and were used by God to pronounce healing on this lame beggar. Why two of them? This glimpse of Peter and John ministering together is in keeping with the ministry methodology established by Jesus when he sent out the 12 and also the 70. Witnessing in pairs was normal for them and meshed perfectly with the cultural expectation that required the testimony of at least two witnesses to establish the truth of a matter.

The lame beggar was at the Beautiful Gate of the temple. Giving alms was highly regarded in the Middle East. However, to beg you had to be deserving of it due to illness or disability (e.g., blind, lame, leprosy) you couldn’t just panhandle because you didn’t want to work. Beggars would then give a blessing in return and declare the praises of the one who gave to him. In this case, Peter and John engaged him more personally than was customary. They didn’t just throw a coin in his cup but he looked steadfastly at him and got the beggar’s attention as well. The picture is one of an eye-to-eye human connection. The apostles didn’t avert their gaze in superiority or aloofness; neither did they allow the beggar to remain distant by going through the motions mechanically. This certainly led the man to expect to receive something. He got what he needed, which far exceeded what he asked for.

I have always loved this story because I have fond childhood memories of my Grandmother singing the chorus based on the KJV translation of Peter’s words.
“Silver and gold have I none;
but such as I have give I thee:
In the name of Jesus Christ
of Nazareth rise up and walk.”

Each morning, during our summer visits to her home, my brother and I would wake to hear her singing this song while using an old carpet sweeper, in the next room, that would squeak twice at the end of each line, “Silver and gold have I none [squeak, squeak]”! Go ahead and sing along!

Two things I want to point out from this situation. First, Peter and John gave what they had, not what they didn’t have. They didn’t have money, which would only have marginally maintained the man’s miserable existence. But what they did have—Jesus’ authority—they gave to the man. Jesus has given his authority to work transformation in the world.

Second, before we get to all of the walkings, leapings, and praisings, we should notice that when the man was told to rise and walk he did nothing. This is understandable since he had been lame since birth. He had never been able to stand and walk…so why would he think in a moment that he would be able to do so? We have probably done the same thing ourselves. In his classic reference set, Word Pictures in the New Testament, Robertson wrote, “Peter had to pull him up on his feet before he would try to walk.” We too may have to be willing to grab the needy by the hand and help them to stand before they will be made strong to walk, run, and leap.

When God moves personally in power people will notice. Jerusalem was not any different. When the people heard that the familiar lame beggar had been healed, they were “stopped in their tracks” with wonder and “beside themselves” with amazement. When the Lord works healing in our lives (spiritual, emotional, physical, relational) people notice!

Our God is a miracle-working God!

2) A Message: Peter Pointed People to Jesus (v.11-18)
  While he clung to Peter and John,
         all the people, utterly astounded,
                       ran together to them in the portico called Solomon's. 
    And when Peter saw it he addressed the people:
                   “Men of Israel, why do you wonder at this,
                                       or why do you stare at us,
                         as though by our own power or piety
               we have made him walk? 
             The God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, 
              the God of our fathers, glorified his servant Jesus,
                                                       whom you delivered over
                                                                 and denied in the presence of Pilate, 
                                 when he had decided to release him.
                                                 But you denied the Holy and Righteous One,
                                and asked for a murderer
                             to be granted to you, 
                                                   and you killed the Author of life,
            whom God             raised from the dead.
                                                                  To this we are witnesses. 
                And his name—by faith in his name—
                                                                   has made this man strong
                                                                                  whom you see and know,
                             and the faith
                                  that is through Jesus has given the man
                                                                                          this perfect health
                                                               in the presence of you all.
   “And now, brothers, I know that you acted in ignorance,
                                                             as did also your rulers. 
       But what God foretold by the mouth of all      the prophets,
                                  that his Christ would suffer, he thus fulfilled. 

The miracle produced a wonder beyond measure—it was like the whole city dropped what it was doing and ran to the spot. This led Peter to do a lot of explaining. 
     “Why do you wonder at this,
  or why do you stare at us,
                            as though by our own power or piety
                                      we have made him walk? 
Peter and John took no credit for the miracle, but pointed people to Jesus, for it was Jesus’ name and authority that had healed the man. It’s as if Peter and John said, “We didn’t do it!” They made it clear that it was not their power, nor their piety (i.e. their godliness, merit, or spiritual maturity) that had accomplished the miracle. They didn’t say, “I meant to do that!” Instead, they established that it was the covenant-keeping God of Israel’s patriarchs (v.13) that had done it despite the fact that the people and their leaders had turned Jesus over to the Romans, and denied that he was their king. In Greek, this is a paragraph of emphatic pronouns. Perhaps we should read it with such intensity, “You, yes you!”, “he had decided, yes him”, and “You denied him, yes you!” You killed the prince of life and asked for a murderer instead. Yet God raised the Messiah—Jesus Christ—from the dead! This was the real miracle of which Peter and John were witnesses.

Peter perhaps softened his emphatic accusation of their delivering and denying Jesus Christ by recognizing that they and their leaders had acted in ignorance. Jesus had said this from the cross, “Father forgive them for they know not what they do” (Luke 23:34) and Paul would write of this to the Corinthians (1 Cor. 2:8). It makes me wonder what things I do because I am ignorant of the purposes of God in any given circumstance.

3) A Mandate: Repent & Turn Back (v.19-26)
   Repent therefore, and turn back,
                      that your sins may be blotted out, 
                               that times of refreshing may come
                                         from the presence of the Lord, and
                      that he may send the Christ appointed for you, Jesus, 
                                                              whom heaven must receive
                until the time for restoring all the things about which
                    God spoke by the mouth of his holy prophets long ago.
Moses said,
    ‘The Lord God      will raise up for you 
                                                         a prophet like me from your brothers.
                         You shall listen to him in whatever he tells you. 
And it shall be that every soul
              who does not listen to that prophet 
                                                   shall be destroyed from the people.’ 
And                                        all the prophets who have spoken,
                    from Samuel and those who came after him,
                                                             also proclaimed these days. 
                  You are the sons of the prophets and
                                        of the covenant that God made with your fathers,
         saying to Abraham, 
           ‘And in your offspring shall all the families of the earth be blessed.’ 
                         God, having raised up his servant,
                                                      sent him to you first,   
                                                           to bless you           
                                   by turning every one of you from your wickedness.

The mandate that Peter and John delivered to this audience (a different group from that in Chapter 2) was the same. Summed up as, "Repent and return to the Lord. Turn away from your wickedness and turn back relationally to the Lord through faith in Jesus Christ." Peter cited their most revered prophet, Moses, as the one relaying the mandate to listen to Jesus. Moses basically said “Pay attention! If you don’t listen you will be destroyed from out of the people.” The truth is, they were already headed for destruction, but Jesus’ words were calling them away from certain death. Certainly, there was also a connection with the approaching destruction of Jerusalem in A.D. 70. Peter followed this with a second witness in the Abrahamic covenant specifically referring to God raising up “his servant” a reference to the Messiah as the “suffering servant” as found in Isaiah (42:1-4; 52:13-15; 53:5-6)

In the final verse of this chapter, we find that God sent Jesus the Messiah “to you first” [Why?] “to bless you...” [How?] “By turning every one of you from your wickedness.” Chapter 4:4 tells us that many heard the word and believed, bringing the number of men in the church to 5,000 (counting women and children would probably have brought the number closer to 20,000 or more.

Silver and Gold Have I None…
Let me conclude this post by asking three questions that arise from this passage…
1. What is it that has you begging? This man had been lame from birth through no fault of his own. Some of us are “lame” because of our choices, and some because of the choices of others. Too often, instead of being transformed by God, we just settle into the role of victim and beggar assuming nothing will ever change. So what keeps us from being a giver instead of a taker? What are the handicaps and disadvantages in our life? What are the physical, mental, emotional, behavioral, economic, racial, and educational challenges we face?
This man had always been lame and considered a helpless beggar. He had settled into that unchanging life. All he expected to receive was what he had received in the past…a coin or two. It is one thing to be content, it is another to lose hope. Where have we become settlers? What do we expect to receive from the Lord? (See James 4:2b-3; Hebrews 11:6)
2. What am I willing to give to others?
Can we say with the apostles, “What I have I give to you”? Such a concept did not begin with them but with a Trinitarian concept of ownership. “The doctrine of the social Trinity, however, claims that God’s owning is not grounded in self-possession but rather in self-giving.”[1] If God’s ownership of all things is established not by possessing but by giving, how should that affect the way we view that which has been entrusted to us? We would then realize that we have it for this very purpose…to give it to the one who needs it. In fact, what we have needs to be given. Some gardeners grow their produce for the food bank, some who knit make "prayer shawls" for those in the hospital, others repair bicycles, some can cook, while others can pull weeds and mow grass really well.
Peter and John declared the authority of Jesus over the lame beggar and he was completely strengthened and made whole. The Greek word for “salvation” (sozo) is not unlike the Hebrew word for peace (shalom) in its holistic effects. Here the apostles had the authority and compassion of Jesus Christ to bring to bear upon the man’s condition and they did so freely.

3. What needs to change in my life? (v. 19-22)
In verse 19’s call for the people of Jerusalem to repent and return do we see our own need for our sins to be blotted out? The Greek word is exaleiphō, and the blotting out took place at the cross of Christ. As it is written,
When you were dead in your sins and in the uncircumcision of your flesh, God made you alive with Christ. He forgave us all our sins, having canceled the charge of our legal indebtedness, which stood against us and condemned us; he has taken it away, nailing it to the cross. (Col. 2:13-14)
If we have put our faith in Christ and been led by his love to turn from our sins, we may still need to allow the Holy Spirit to bring godly changes to our lives. So, is there something in my life that is delaying the arrival of “times of refreshing”? Nazareth missed out on times of refreshing because of their unbelief, their resistance to extending the goodness of God to the nations, and in rejecting Jesus’ work in their midst.
God has given us all things in Christ so that we might share his goodness with the world instead of keeping it for ourselves!


[1] M. Douglas Meeks, in God’s Life in Trinity, edited by Miroslav Volf, 18.

Thursday, May 19, 2016

The Purpose of Pentecost (Acts 2)

“Presence, Participation, & Power”

We have been examining the text of Acts 2 for the last three weeks and today, on Pentecost Sunday, I would like to step outside of our series in Acts to answer the question, what is the purpose of Pentecost?

As a church that is “Pentecostal”, we recognize the importance of the Holy Spirit moving in our midst. We believe in the continuation of the Biblical gifts of the Spirit and are thankful for the fruit the Spirit brings. However, I think that even as a Pentecostal church we may miss the point that…

I) The Holy Spirit came so that we might have the presence of God living in us. (John 14:16-17)

We should not think of the Spirit as the Pentecostal Santa Claus who gives us all kinds of cool gifts to enable us to be healthy, wealthy, and wise. Rather we should see that the Holy Spirit is the gift, the gift of the abiding presence of God in our lives.
"The life that the Spirit gives is not some abstract thing. In fact, it is not primarily some thing that he gives at all. The Spirit gives us his very self, that we might know and enjoy him and so enjoy his fellowship with the Father and the Son."[1]
What could be better than that? It is by the Spirit that the Father and the Son indwell us and commission us as the church. God’s eternal covenant, is reiterated throughout the Bible and contains statements such as:
  • I will be your God—a call to know God faithfully (Eze. 36:27-28).
  • You will be my people—a call to community, as his family (Ex. 6:7).
  • I will dwell with you—a call to live in his presence (Lev. 26:11).
Neil Cole, writes, “I have come to understand the church as this: the presence of Jesus among His people called out as a spiritual family to pursue His mission on this planet.”[2] Such a definition of the church brings me to the next purpose of Pentecost.

II) The Holy Spirit came to invite us to participate in the ongoing mission of God.
If our shared purpose in life, as Christians, is to glorify God in the world (Eccl. 12:13; John 15:8), then how do we do this? By obeying his commands—however, this is not a legalistic formula but a relational dependence. God is both relational, and missional. His mission (what he does) is a manifestation of his being (who he is). God is outwardly focused and relationally inclusive. He wants to be in a relationship with his creation, not because of any need on his part but simply because of the overflow of his love. The mission of God is to “rebind the broken cosmos,” to redeem and reconcile the world. In the Holy Spirit, he invites us and then integrates us and all our diversity into that ongoing mission. We are an integral part of his plan. When integrating into the mission of God, I once heard that the following four "D" words are a helpful checklist...
  • Discover: What is God already doing in this neighborhood? How is he pursuing and engaging the lost? What is the conversation the Holy Spirit has been having with them?
  • Discern: How does God want us to participate? What can we offer? What can we learn?
  • Do: Join his mission in humble obedience. When God opens the door to be witnesses what are we going to do?
  • Debrief: Share with each other what you are doing, not to brag but in order to be mutually encouraged and accountable. We can't do this alone. We need to be considerate and cooperate with others. We are to be part of a body, a spiritual family, a church. We must develop both our actions and reflections on those actions.
Last week we spoke extensively about fellowship, but are we willing to step into the mission of God, or are we content with managing our own efforts for our own purposes?

Defining the Task —The Great Commissions
As Jesus’ time with his disciples drew to an end, he gave them what is called the “Great Commission” (i.e., a mission beyond national and ethnic Israel) as differentiated from the local commissions given earlier (e.g., the sending of the 12 and then the 70 to go preaching and healing in all the towns and villages of Israel that Jesus would soon visit). This commission is presented five times in Scripture, each time with a slightly different emphasis. I illustrate these commissions by using the well-known “Five Flavors Lifesavers” candy. They are all lifesavers, just different flavors. So too, all five versions of the commission of Christ may have slightly different flavors.

1. The Discipling Commission (Matthew 28:18-20)[3]
And Jesus came and said to them, “All authority in heaven and on earth has been given to me. Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you. And behold, I am with you always, to the end of the age.”

As followers of Jesus, we are to “make disciples.” What does discipleship mean?
  • It means that we are allowing Christ’s teachings to actually guide our life’s journey.
  • It means we (and they) are becoming more like Jesus.
  • Jesus is the content of our discipleship.
So how do we make disciples? This text gives two primary ways. The first is “Baptism” representing not merely a religious ceremony but the internal transformation of a person’s loyalties now expressed publicly. It is the outworking of repentance. Discipleship changes how we answer such practical questions as:
  • How do I spend my time?
  • How do I spend my money?
  • How do I make my decisions?
  • What attitudes and characteristics do I value?
And hidden within this list is a tricky discipleship detector. The true disciple of Christ comes to understand that it is not really an issue of my time, my money, or my decisions. If I understand the radical commitment of baptism I am dead to “my” and alive to Christ.

The second way we are to make disciples is, “By teaching them to obey Christ”. It is quite popular to use the metaphor, “the dust of the Rabbi’s sandals”  to illustrate this aspect of discipleship (Ray Vander Laan was the first I heard use it). The phrase refers to how a rabbi’s disciples either followed him closely on the dusty road to hear everything the master was discussing or how they sat on the ground at his feet to hear his teaching. So for us to become disciples and to “make disciples” we need to be spending time with Jesus and thus be doing what Jesus did. It has been said that “Genuine discipleship cannot happen apart from the mission.” Jesus did it that way. He taught and trained his disciples while he was going about the mission of his Father! I suggest that it is the same today. We learn as we engage with what God is already doing around us.

2. Evangelizing Commission (Mark 16:15-20) 
And he said to them, “Go into all the world and proclaim the gospel to the whole creation. Whoever believes and is baptized will be saved, but whoever does not believe will be condemned. And these signs will accompany those who believe: in my name they will cast out demons; they will speak in new tongues; they will pick up serpents with their hands; and if they drink any deadly poison, it will not hurt them; they will lay their hands on the sick, and they will recover.”
So then the Lord Jesus, after he had spoken to them, was taken up into heaven and sat down at the right hand of God. And they went out and preached everywhere, while the Lord worked with them and confirmed the message by accompanying signs.
The flavor of this commission is found in sharing the gospel (good news) with “all creation” with the desired result being belief and baptism. While some debate this “longer ending” of Mark’s Gospel, all of the accompanying signs mentioned are attested elsewhere in the New Testament and the Church Fathers.
At Pentecost, we received the same Spirit that Jesus received at his baptism in the Jordan River. What did he do? He preached the good news, healed the sick, and delivered those oppressed by the devil. He came to seek and save the lost, and he made disciples, who would one day do the same thing.
The Spirit continually moves us beyond ourselves (our self-interest, comfort zone, culture, etc.) and gives us a heart and a passion (and compassion) to reach out to the lost—joining Jesus as he continues to seek and save the lost. Successful evangelism is taking the initiative in the power of the Holy Spirit, backed up by a loving, godly life, and leaving the results up to God.

3. Preaching Commission (Luke 24:44-47)
Then he said to them, “These are my words that I spoke to you while I was still with you, that everything written about me in the Law of Moses and the Prophets and the Psalms must be fulfilled.” Then he opened their minds to understand the Scriptures, and said to them, “Thus it is written, that the Christ should suffer and on the third day rise from the dead, and that repentance and forgiveness of sins should be proclaimed in his name to all nations, beginning from Jerusalem.
Preaching is rooted in our time spent with the Lord, seeking Holy Spirit-led understanding of the word (all parts of it), and it consistently calls for a decision on the part of the hearer.  
In the early church, preaching connected the dots between what had been written in the Old Testament and how those scriptures were fulfilled in Christ Jesus. But beyond information, preaching brings us to our personal and collective need to repent and receive the forgiveness of sins that Jesus offers to us. Preaching shows us that the answer to the problem of our sin is Christ and him alone! There is only one gate by which we can enter. Jesus is that way.
At Pentecost, the Holy Spirit expanded his work of opening our minds to understand the Scriptures. There are many throughout history who have come to saving faith in Jesus simply by reading the Bible. This is the work of the Holy Spirit!
4. The Sending Commission (John 20:21-23)
Jesus said to them again, “Peace be with you. As the Father has sent me, even so I am sending you.” And when he had said this, he breathed on them and said to them, “Receive the Holy Spirit. 
The Father sent the Son and the Spirit and now sends us but we are not on our own—they all go with us. Michael Reeves' insight and British wit come out as he built on this verse,
“The disciples should not have been at all surprised. Jesus had told them he would be resurrected, and he had told them that “whatever the Father does the Son also does” (John 5:19). The first thing the Father does, of course, is love the Son, breathing out his Spirit on him. Just so, doing as his Father does, Jesus breathes out the Spirit on his disciples. In fact, he had already said to them: “As the Father has loved me, so have I loved you” (John 15:9). But the Father also sends the Son; and doing as his Father does, Jesus thus sends his disciples. Like Father, like Son. That entirely changes what mission looks like. For it is not, then, that God lounges back in heaven, simply phoning in his order that we get on with evangelism so that he might get more servants. If that were the case, evangelism would take a lot of self-motivation—and you can always tell when the church thinks like that, for that’s when evangelism gets left to the more adrenaline-stoked salespeople/professionals. But the reality is so different. The truth is that God is already on mission: in love, the Father has sent his Son and his Spirit. It is the outworking of his very nature.”[4]  

We have received the same Spirit that Jesus received at his baptism in the Jordan River. What did he do? The Spirit propelled him into the wilderness for a time of testing centered on his trust for his Heavenly Father and what the Father had said about him being the "beloved Son." The Father sent the Son and the Spirit. The Spirit also sent the Son after the baptism. It bears repeating, that Jesus preached the good news, healed the sick, and delivered those oppressed by the devil, all while coming to seek and save the lost, he made disciples and he loved us to the end and beyond. Today, as a result of the work of Christ and his sending the Spirit at Pentecost, the Holy Spirit moves us beyond ourselves and gives us a heart and a passion and compassion to reach out to the lost—to seek and save the lost. In being sent we are actually joining the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit as they go! We are compelled by the love of Christ (2 Cor. 5:14-15, 20)!

5. The Witnessing Commission (Acts 1:8)
But you will receive power when the Holy Spirit has come upon you, and you will be my witnesses in Jerusalem and in all Judea and Samaria, and to the end of the earth.”
The word “witness” comes from the root that is transliterated as “martyr”. All too often witnessing, or speaking out about, the resurrection of Christ has been punctuated with the death of the witness. Jesus needed intimate fellowship with his Father and the filling of the Holy Spirit to see his mission through to the end on the cross. We are no different in our dependence. It will take the power of the Spirit for us to stand strong to the end. Such endurance is not found in a stoic approach to doing our duty. It will take transformed desires, holy desires that come from seeing our triune God as he really is!
Summary of the 5-Flavored Commissions
John Amstutz ably synthesizes these "five flavors" of the Great Commission into one concise statement with the two imperatives (commands) underlined,
"Going as my witnesses in the power of the Holy Spirit, preach the good news of repentance and forgiveness of sins in my name to everyone, baptizing those who repent and believe. And make disciples by teaching them to obey all I have commanded. Do this beginning in Jerusalem to the ends of the earth—and I will be with you to the very end of the age."

Our ability to integrate effectively into the ongoing mission of God is due to the fact that we are not going on our own...
  • We go in the same Spirit as Jesus
  • We go in Jesus’ authority
  • We go with Jesus’ power
  • We go with Jesus’ continued presence (John 10:37-38; 14:9-13, 20-21; 17: 20-23)
As the Church—we are a people called by God and sent to participate with God in mission. We are a body that is sent by the Spirit. We don't gather for our own sake but for the sake of others…

Discipling—“of all nations" How? Baptizing and teaching to obey.
Evangelizing—sharing the good news with all creation!
Preaching—the repentance and forgiveness of sins by faith in the risen Christ.
Sending—is not taking over but joining a missional God in his loving task.
Witnessing—speaking the truth of what Jesus has done in love, to the end.

III) The Holy Spirit came to empower us to live faithfully, bear good fruit, & glorify God in the world.

From the very beginning, the plan of God has depended upon the power of God not the strength of mankind. Abram was a landless, nameless, heir-less, powerless nobody with the promise of God who was going to change all that, for the good of the whole world. It was as a result of Pentecost that the fulfillment of that promise expanded beyond one nation to many,
Now the Lord said to Abram, 
“Go from your country 
        and your kindred 
        and your father's house to the land that 
         I will show you. 
  And I will make of you a great nation,
  and I will bless you and make your name great, so that you will be a blessing. 
        I will bless those who bless you,
                     and him who dishonors you I will curse, 
               and in you                      all the families of the earth shall be blessed.”
(See also Gen 18:18; 22:18; 26:4; 28:13-14)

If you still don’t believe me, perhaps Galatians 3:14 will convince you,
"He redeemed us in order that the blessing of Abraham might come to the nations through Christ Jesus, so that by faith we might receive the promise of the Spirit."

In review, the primary purposes of Pentecost include:
  • The Indwelling Presence of God (The Father and the Son, by the Holy Spirit)
  • Integrated Participation in God’s ongoing mission
  • Spiritual Power of God to fulfill our mission assignment
Pentecost. Perhaps such a day is worth remembering.



[1] . Michael Reeves, Delighting in the Trinity: An Introduction to the Christian Faith (Kindle Locations 1326-1328).
[2] Neil Cole, “Organic Church: Growing Faith Where Life Happens." In Perspectives on the World Christian Movement 4th Edition, edited by Ralph D. Winter and Steven C. Hawthorne, 643-45. Pasadena, CA: Institute of International Studies, 2009.
[3] The titles for these five commissions are taken from missiological lectures given a number of years ago by Foursquare pastor, missionary, and professor, John Amstutz.
[4] Reeves, (Kindle Locations 1610-1625).

Wednesday, May 11, 2016

The Church, an Awesome Community (Acts 2:42-47)

Last week, we considered the powerful moving of the Holy Spirit on the Day of Pentecost and the amazing response to the preaching of the gospel. Wind and fire come down to earth! More than the sound of Wind was present (in terms of John 3:8), for none of the people in that crowd got up that morning thinking they would meet God and become “born-again”; Fire was present in more than the tongues above the apostles’ heads, for none could deny the purifying, unifying power of the Spirit. It gave them the zeal to be witnesses—to both live in and speak out the love of God to the world!

42 And they devoted themselves to
                           the apostles' teaching and
                           the fellowship,
                           to the breaking of bread and
                           the prayers. 
43 And awe came upon every soul,
and many wonders and signs were being done through the apostles. 
44 And all who believed were together and 
                                              had all things in common. 
45 And they were selling their possessions and belongings
                                       and distributing the proceeds to all,
                                                                          as any had need. 
46 And day by day,
                            attending the temple together and 
                            breaking bread in their homes,      
                                   they received their food with glad and generous hearts, 
                                              47 praising God and having favor with all the people.
   And the Lord added to their number 
           day by day those who were being saved.

God was still calling sinful and dying people to himself in Christ by the Holy Spirit. This week’s text is simple and short and describes the heart of the church. And serves as an introduction and summary for the next several chapters to come.
Once they were filled with the promised Holy Spirit, they were a devoted church. an influential community, and a believing family.

1) They Were A Devoted Church (v.42)
They devoted themselves to four things. “Devoted” (proskarterountes) “normally means to ‘occupy oneself diligently with something’, ‘to pay persistent attention to’, ‘to hold fast to something', or ‘continually to be in’…and the Greek tenses used in this verse emphasized “the ongoing nature of this activity.” This wasn’t a part-time pursuit for them to dabble in. As David G. Peterson comments, “God was building a new community and not simply dealing with individuals in isolation.” (Peterson, Acts of the Apostles, 158)
Years ago I wrote a simple poem about devotion, that I will share here.

Godly Devotion

Godly Devotion;
Desire, love, fear,
An emotional trinity
Longing for His fellowship.
Watching, listening, responding,
Closely, loyally, eagerly
Maintaining Relationship
Not merely religion.

Godly Devotion:
Self de-voted
With pride, possessions, peers
Disenfranchised,
No longer running or reigning
But daily resigning.
In such a state
God has all the votes.
His sovereign love is non-negotiable.

Are we devoted?

            © Greg K. Dueker

Luke tells us four things to which the newborn church was devoted…

A) To the Apostles' Teaching
Solomon's Portico
Two questions come to my mind. First, where did they do this? It was their custom to meet daily in the temple courts (on the east side of Solomon’s Colonnade) for this purpose. This area was destroyed by the Romans in AD70 and there is only a large plaza there now. 


Temple Mount Plaza Today
Second, what was this apostolic teaching? We should remember that the apostles were all eyewitnesses to the ministry of Christ. So what they were teaching was most certainly the content of the Gospels, and what would become the New Testament. 
In addition, they probably taught about how the Old Testament spoke of Jesus their Christ and Lord. These teachings would later be stated in part through the ecumenical councils and creeds. What we believe matters and the early church was devoted to the truth! Here it might be helpful to reconsider the 4th Century Apostles’ Creed which captures some of the main points they would have taught.
I believe in God, the Father almighty,
            creator of heaven and earth.
I believe in Jesus Christ, his only Son, our Lord,
      who was conceived by the Holy Spirit
      and born of the virgin Mary.
      He suffered under Pontius Pilate,
      was crucified, died, and was buried;
      he descended to hell.
      The third day he rose again from the dead.
      He ascended to heaven
      and is seated at the right hand of God the Father almighty.
      From there he will come to judge the living and the dead.
I believe in the Holy Spirit,
      the holy catholic* church,
      the communion of saints,
      the forgiveness of sins,
      the resurrection of the body,
      and the life everlasting. Amen.

[* ”Catholic” does not equate to the Roman Catholic church, but is a word that refers to the true Christian church of all times and all places, the church universal.]

B) To the fellowship, (tē koinōnia) means to share with someone in something above and beyond the relationship itself. This means that it was purposeful, even missional. It refers to the gathering of the church to share their experience of Christ. The following are a few verses that give us insight into what this fellowship was like.
  • Hebrews 10:24-25 And let us consider how to stir up one another to love and good works, not neglecting to meet together, as is the habit of some, but encouraging one another, and all the more as you see the Day drawing near.
  • 1 Cor. 14:26 What then, brethren? When you come together, each one has a hymn, a lesson, a revelation, a tongue or an interpretation. Let all things be done for building up. (Tongues and prophets)
  • Eph. 5:18-21 And do not get drunk with wine, for that is debauchery, but be filled with the Spirit, addressing one another in psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, singing and making melody to the Lord with your heart, giving thanks always and for everything to God the Father in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, submitting to one another out of reverence for Christ.
  • Colossians 3:15-17 And let the peace of Christ rule in your hearts, to which indeed you were called in one body. And be thankful. Let the word of Christ dwell in you richly, teaching and admonishing one another in all wisdom, singing psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, with thankfulness in your hearts to God. And whatever you do, in word or deed, do everything in the name of the Lord Jesus, giving thanks to God the Father through him.

C) To the breaking of bread. This detail likely referred to their habit of sharing meals
together. Some commentators suggest that “The term describes the initiation of an ordinary meal in the Jewish fashion of breaking a loaf with the hands and giving thanks to God.” Others see this as a reference to what we call the Lord’s Supper or Communion, however, this phrase wasn’t formally used for the Eucharist until the Second Century. More likely it was a shared meal that may have contained a time of Holy Communion, and certainly these times together at the table would have given an opportunity for them to share Christ with each other in “teaching, prayer, and praise”.

D) To the prayers. The plural form with the article [the] in Greek suggests that the reference is to specific prayers rather than to prayer in general.” (Peterson, 162). To what times of prayer would this refer? The Jewish tradition, to which they were still adhering, included the “time of prayer” that coincided with the evening sacrifice in the temple (about 3pm). What other specific prayers can we think of? The Lord’s Prayer, the Psalms, Daniel’s Prayer, Solomon’s prayer, and the prayer for the peace of Jerusalem (via repentance). In any event, it is a reference to specific times when they gathered to pray together and not to private prayer in isolation from others. In service, we took time to pray the Lord’s Prayer together.
The Lord’s Prayer (Matthew 6:9-13 – NKJV)
Our Father in heaven,
Hallowed be Your name.
Your kingdom come.
Your will be done
On earth as it is in heaven.
Give us this day our daily bread.
And forgive us our debts,
As we forgive our debtors.
And do not lead us into temptation,
But deliver us from the evil one.
For Yours is the kingdom
              and the power
              and the glory forever. Amen.

2) They Were An Influential Community (v.43, 47)

A. Awe upon every soul. While this statement is generally taken as hyperbole due to all the unbelievers in Jerusalem, which would have had a population of 180-200K at the time, certainly a new movement springing up with such devotion would have created quite a stir. This “awe” refers to a fear mingled with admiration or reverence; a feeling produced by something majestic, sublime, etc. It would have provoked a response “What if this is real?” It seemed too good to be true, but it was true.

B. Apostles worked wonders and signs. I included this quote about the miracles in my previous post but repeat it here for emphasis...
“Three terms are used to describe the way in which this took place in the course of his ministry. There were miracles (dynameis, 'powers') or mighty works, signifying the operation of God's power or kingly rule through him (cf. Lk. 11:20).
But these could also be called wonders (terata), because of the amazement they effected in the witnesses, and signs (semeia), because they pointed beyond themselves to the character of Jesus and the significance of his coming.” (Peterson, The Acts of the Apostles, 145)
C. They had “favor with all the people” (v.47) After soundly critiquing the church of his day for measuring their influence by the type of people who attended or by how much money was given to philanthropic works (using Rev. 3:17- ouch!), one of the most well-known expositors of the Scriptures during the early 20th Century, G. Campbell Morgan, wrote this still relevant commentary about influential churches in 1929,
“The influential Church is the company of loyal souls who ‘continue steadfastly in the apostles’ teaching and fellowship, and in the breaking of bread and the prayers,’ who eat their meat with gladness and singleness of heart, who manifest in their individual lives and corporate capacity the strength, the beauty, the glory, the compassion of the Christ. Wherever there is such a Church you will find the Church that has favor with the people.” (Morgan, The Acts of the Apostles, 95)
Our influence is not based upon having the “best and brightest” in our midst but on our fully accepting the love and forgiveness of Christ and then consistently extending it to others.

3) They Were A Believing Family (v.44-47)

This section should be taken as an introduction or summary statement of what we will find in the next couple of chapters. This was more than a group of marginally committed individual religious consumers, it was more than a movement of social reform and influence, it was a spiritual family bonded together in the love of Jesus Christ.

A. They Were Together (v.44a). This togetherness expresses their view of God more than we realize. We become like what we worship. Our view of God will influence our approach to relationships. If we have a…
  • Unitarian view = God is alone, therefore I can (and should) be alone. The individual is supreme. If this is our viewpoint then when there is a relational conflict we will be quick to separate and go our own ways.
  • Trinitarian view = God is Father, Son, & Holy Spirit in an unbroken loving community therefore I can (and should) be together with others in a loving community. If this is our viewpoint then when there is a relational conflict we are quick to repent, reconcile, and draw closer together.
B. They Had All Things In Common (v. 44b). This sharing of resources was a situational availability to support each other due to pressures from a hostile culture. There was no demanding, no shirking, no laziness, no lording over. As a believing family, they were all in the same boat and did their best to help each other as a family should. One of the biggest issues I have seen over the last 30 years in dealing with people in financial crisis was that there had been a total breakdown of family relationships. People would rather go to an organization begging for money than live in the mutual accountability of extended family relationships.
C. They Focused On The Needs Of Others (v. 45). This means that they valued the good of the community more highly than their possessions. Wrapped up in this is the idea of stewardship (i.e., what we have is God’s and we are responsible to Him for how we use it). This was not a religious welfare system but a need-based relational sharing. It required being known well enough for others to be aware of legitimate needs and for there to be full mutuality in the giving process. No one was demanding, and almost no one was working the system. Everyone contributed with whatever the Lord had given to them.

D. They Worshiped Together Day By Day (v. 46). This worship was not something they did once a week or a couple of times a month but a daily occurrence. It was both public and private.
Publicly they worshiped at the Temple, collectively sharing teaching, praise, and prayer.
Privately they worshiped in gatherings (over food) in their homes, where they would have ample opportunity to discuss the Scriptures and teachings as well as intimate prayer and praise. I call this a “G3” church!
G3 = Glad, Generous, and praising God the Father, Son, & Spirit!

As a result, “day by day, The Lord [Jesus] added to their number…those who were being saved!”

What about Us?
Such community, love, peace, and generosity sound good, but I wonder if we might think that it won’t work for us.
  • Many have gone through hardship and even injustice at the hands of those in power.
  • Some have experienced trauma and abuse from those whom they expected to care for and help them.
  • Others have experienced broken promises and even betrayal from those they trusted.
Perhaps you have trust issues as a result. However, let me say that these people we are reading about in Acts had also experienced hardship and trauma, and it was about to get worse. Yet the Spirit quickened their hearts to walk together through whatever would come their way.

This message was originally given on Mothers’ Day. As a result, we included a reading of Psalm 133:1, “Behold, how good and pleasant it is when brothers dwell in unity!” Isn’t that what a mother wants? Some of the Mother’s Day wishes I have heard are things like…To be together, to eat together, for everyone to pitch in, to pray together, and to be thankful for God’s blessings…and most of all to see their family being saved. As it is also written, “I have no greater joy than to hear that my children are walking in the truth.” (3 John 4)

The Spirit calls us to become devoted followers of Jesus Christ our Savior! So what will we devote ourselves to this week? What will we all be seen (from the outside) to be devoting our lives to?
  • Apostles teaching—are you reading the New Testament? Our studies on Thursdays are not just a bunch of blah-blah-blah. Bible studies should not just pass on information, but inspiration and motivation as we draw near to Jesus who is revealed in the Scriptures.
  • The fellowship—you are here today so that is a good start. It is a sharing in common of the Lord Jesus Christ. We mourn with those who mourn. We rejoice with those who are honored. We recognize that we would all be lost without the sacrificial love of God.
  • Breaking bread—who will we gather with for a shared meal and shared faith this week?
  • The prayers—how might we become more of a praying church? It will happen when we begin to pray in relationship with others!
Today, as we take Communion—we are sharing in their experience. We are a community sharing a common Savior, a common memory of his love, a common meal, and lifting each other up in prayer!